AS47391 Syn Ltd
General Info - AS47391
7,168
1,742,995,396,797,423,697,424,426,205,184
IP Address Ranges
| Netblock | Number of IPs | |
|---|---|---|
| 45.43.72.0/23 | 512 | |
| 45.43.74.0/24 | 256 | |
| 94.177.4.0/24 | 256 | |
| 107.161.160.0/23 | 512 | |
| 107.161.162.0/24 | 256 | |
| 107.161.169.0/24 | 256 | |
| 107.161.170.0/23 | 512 | |
| 107.181.138.0/23 | 512 | |
| 107.181.144.0/23 | 512 | |
| 107.181.155.0/24 | 256 | |
| 113.20.156.0/24 | 256 | |
| 113.20.159.0/24 | 256 | |
| 162.217.250.0/24 | 256 | |
| 162.220.240.0/22 | 1,024 | |
| 198.105.113.0/24 | 256 | |
| 198.105.114.0/24 | 256 | |
| 198.105.116.0/23 | 512 | |
| 198.105.118.0/24 | 256 | |
| 198.105.120.0/24 | 256 |
| Netblock | Number of IPs | |
|---|---|---|
| 2a02:2ca0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:11::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:12::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:14::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:18::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:20::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:40::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:60::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:65::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:66::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:68::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:70::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:80::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:100::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:200::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:400::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:800::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:a00::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:a80::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:aa0::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:aa8::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:aab::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:aac::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:ab0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:ac0::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:b00::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:c00::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1000::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1100::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1110::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1112::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1114::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1118::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1120::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1140::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1180::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1200::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1400::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:1800::/37 | 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:2000::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a02:2ca0:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a02:2ca1::/32 | 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 | |
| 2a02:2ca2::/31 | 158,456,325,028,528,675,187,087,900,672 | |
| 2a02:2ca4::/30 | 316,912,650,057,057,350,374,175,801,344 | |
| 2a05:9f40::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a05:9f40:10::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a05:9f40:18::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a05:9f40:1c::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a05:9f40:1e::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a05:9f40:20::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a05:9f40:40::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a05:9f40:80::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a05:9f40:100::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a05:9f40:200::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a05:9f40:400::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a05:9f40:800::/37 | 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 | |
| 2a05:9f40:1000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a05:9f40:2000::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a05:9f40:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a05:9f40:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a05:9f41::/32 | 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 | |
| 2a05:9f42::/31 | 158,456,325,028,528,675,187,087,900,672 | |
| 2a05:9f44::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2000::/37 | 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2800::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a00::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a04::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a06::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a08::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a10::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a20::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a40::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2a80::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2b00::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a05:9f44:2c00::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a05:9f44:3000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a05:9f44:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a05:9f44:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a05:9f45::/32 | 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 | |
| 2a07:9940::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a07:9940:2000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a07:9940:3000::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9940:3200::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9940:3300::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9940:3320::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9940:3330::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9940:3332::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9940:3334::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9940:3338::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9940:3340::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9940:3380::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9940:3400::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a07:9940:3800::/37 | 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 | |
| 2a07:9940:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a07:9940:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a07:9941::/32 | 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 | |
| 2a07:9942::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a07:9942:2000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a07:9942:3000::/37 | 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 | |
| 2a07:9942:3800::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9942:3900::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9942:3980::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9942:39c0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9942:39d0::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9942:39d4::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9942:39d7::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9942:39d8::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9942:39e0::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9942:3a00::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9942:3c00::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a07:9942:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a07:9942:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a07:9943::/32 | 79,228,162,514,264,337,593,543,950,336 | |
| 2a07:9944::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9944:41::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9944:42::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9944:44::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9944:48::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9944:50::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9944:60::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9944:80::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9944:100::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9944:200::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9944:400::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a07:9944:800::/37 | 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 | |
| 2a07:9944:1000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a07:9944:2000::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a07:9944:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a07:9944:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a07:9945::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9945:40::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9945:44::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9945:46::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9945:48::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9945:50::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9945:60::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9945:80::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9945:100::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9945:200::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9945:400::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a07:9945:800::/37 | 2,475,880,078,570,760,549,798,248,448 | |
| 2a07:9945:1000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a07:9945:2000::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a07:9945:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a07:9945:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a07:9946::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9946:100::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9946:140::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9946:160::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9946:170::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9946:178::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9946:17d::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9946:17e::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9946:180::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9946:200::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9946:220::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9946:230::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9946:238::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9946:23a::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9946:23c::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9946:240::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9946:280::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9946:300::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9946:400::/38 | 1,237,940,039,285,380,274,899,124,224 | |
| 2a07:9946:800::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9946:820::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9946:824::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9946:827::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9946:828::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9946:830::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9946:840::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9946:880::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9946:900::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9946:a00::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9946:c00::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9946:d00::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9946:d80::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9946:da0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9946:db1::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9946:db2::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9946:db4::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9946:db8::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9946:dc0::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9946:e00::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9946:f00::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9946:f80::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9946:fc0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9946:fd0::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9946:fd4::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9946:fd6::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9946:fd8::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9946:fe0::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9946:1000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a07:9946:2000::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a07:9946:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a07:9946:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 | |
| 2a07:9947::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9947:100::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9947:180::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9947:1c0::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9947:1c2::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9947:1c4::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9947:1c8::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9947:1d0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9947:1e0::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9947:200::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9947:400::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9947:480::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9947:490::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9947:494::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9947:496::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9947:498::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9947:4a0::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9947:4c0::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9947:500::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9947:600::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9947:800::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9947:880::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9947:8c0::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9947:8c8::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9947:8cd::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9947:8ce::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9947:8d0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9947:8e0::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9947:900::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9947:a00::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9947:b00::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9947:b40::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9947:b60::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9947:b68::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9947:b6c::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9947:b6e::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9947:b70::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9947:b80::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9947:c00::/39 | 618,970,019,642,690,137,449,562,112 | |
| 2a07:9947:e00::/40 | 309,485,009,821,345,068,724,781,056 | |
| 2a07:9947:f00::/41 | 154,742,504,910,672,534,362,390,528 | |
| 2a07:9947:f80::/42 | 77,371,252,455,336,267,181,195,264 | |
| 2a07:9947:fc0::/43 | 38,685,626,227,668,133,590,597,632 | |
| 2a07:9947:fe0::/45 | 9,671,406,556,917,033,397,649,408 | |
| 2a07:9947:fe8::/46 | 4,835,703,278,458,516,698,824,704 | |
| 2a07:9947:fec::/47 | 2,417,851,639,229,258,349,412,352 | |
| 2a07:9947:fee::/48 | 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 | |
| 2a07:9947:ff0::/44 | 19,342,813,113,834,066,795,298,816 | |
| 2a07:9947:1000::/36 | 4,951,760,157,141,521,099,596,496,896 | |
| 2a07:9947:2000::/35 | 9,903,520,314,283,042,199,192,993,792 | |
| 2a07:9947:4000::/34 | 19,807,040,628,566,084,398,385,987,584 | |
| 2a07:9947:8000::/33 | 39,614,081,257,132,168,796,771,975,168 |
Upstreams
There are no upstreams for this ASN.
Downstreams
There are no downstreams for this ASN.
What is an Autonomous System (AS)?
An Autonomous System (AS) is a collection of connected networks that operate under a common administrative domain and share routing policies. Each AS is identified by a unique Autonomous System Number (ASN), which is used to exchange routing information with other ASs. AS can control how traffic flows through networks and then filter out unwanted traffic.
